Enzyme activity assays are essential in the pharmaceutical field, especially in drug development, research, and product compliance. By definition, an enzyme is a catalyst, most often a protein, that facilitates chemical reactions within living organisms. A living cell is loaded with biological works, and specific parts of the living cell utilize the enzymes for their metabolism, gene expression, and even their signaling. Enzymes can accomplish all of these activities. The absence of proper and efficient management of environmental conditions like temperature references, humidity, and chemical interaction will probably affect the enzyme activity. This is why enzyme activity testing is critical in proving the intended usefulness of the enzyme.
What is Enzyme Activity Assay?
An enzyme activity assay is a test in a laboratory aimed at finding the existence, amount, and action of an enzyme in a sample. These tests are crucial for determining the efficiency of an enzyme in a reaction, particularly for the pharmaceuticals, food, and other industries that utilize enzymes. The measurement of enzyme activity is usually calculated through observation of the products that can be measured, which result from the action of the enzyme on specific substrates.
Some of the most common enzymes examined include catalase, α-amylase, peroxidase, laccase, lysozyme, alkaline phosphatase, and luciferase. These enzymes are vital for many biochemical pathways, and that is why many industries monitor their activity.
Why Enzyme Activity Assay Testing Matters
The testing of enzyme activity assays is more than just identification of the enzyme in a sample; it is verifying the functional condition of the enzyme under given environmental constraints. With inadequate storage, enzymes may degrade in both structure and activity over time. As such, the assays about enzyme activity aid in evaluating the effectiveness of the enzymes provided in real products to ensure they function properly.
Very often, characteristics of the surroundings, such as temperature, the concentration of hydrogen ions, the amount of water, and the ionic power of a solution, have profound effects on how the enzyme works.
For example, an enzyme might show different levels of activity when evaluated under different conditions, and understanding these differences is fundamental during the development and improvement of products. That is where specific enzyme assay analysis comes in.
Factors Affecting the Activities of Enzymes: Enzyme Assay Analysis
Numerous enzyme activity assay factors can affect the results, which include:
Careful consideration of these aspects will allow the scientist or the industry to evaluate enzyme activity assay with the utmost accuracy and rely on the products produced.
Why choose Chromak Research for your Enzyme Activity Assays?
Chromak Research focuses on providing enzyme activity assays across the biomedical, food and beverage, and even biotechnological sectors. Your enzyme assays are accurate and dependable because our laboratories are well equipped and we possess considerable professional experience in conducting enzyme assay procedures.
Keep these considerations in mind when selecting Chromak Research for your enzyme activity assay testing services:
Enzyme testing at Chromak Research:
| Enzymes | Testing Method | Brief Description |
|---|---|---|
| α-Amylase (pancreatin) | USP | Starch Hydrolysis as USP |
| α-Amylase (bacterial) | FCC | Starch Hydrolysis as BAU |
| α-Amylase (nonbacterial) | FCC | Starch Hydrolysis as DU |
| Beta-Glucanase Activity | FCC | Beta Glucanase Unit (BGU) |
| Bromelain | FIP, CDU, PU or GDU | Hydrolysis of Gelatin |
| Catalase | WM | Breaking down of hydrogen peroxide |
| Cellulase | FCC | Cellulose viscosity reduction |
| Cellulase | CMC | Cellulose DNSA colorimetric |
| Ceralpha Amylase | AACC #22-02.01 | Ceralpha Units |
| Chymotrypsin | FCC or USP | Hydrolysis of N-acetyl-L-Tyrosine ethyl ester |
| Diastase | FCC | Hydrolysis of Starch |
| Diastatic Activity of Honey | AOAC | Diastase Number (DN) |
| α-Galactosidase(GalU) | FCC | Hydrolysis of p-Nitrophenyl α-D-galactopyranose |
| β-Glucase | FCC | Hydrolysis of Lichenin |
| Glucose Oxidase Activity | FCC | Glucose Oxidative Titrimetric unit (GOTu) |
| Glucoamylase (AGU) | FCC | Hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl-α-D-glucopyranoside |
| β-Glucosidase | FCC | Hydrolysis of cellobiose |
| Hemicellulase | FCC | Hydrolysis of bean gum and monitor viscosity change |
| Isolase (IsoU) | IND | Hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside |
| Invertase (Sucrase) | FCC | Hydrolysis of sucrose and optical rotation measurement |
| Lactase (Acid Beta Galactosidase) | FCC, ALU | Using ONPG substrate |
| Lactase (Neutral Beta Galactosidase) Activity | FCC-NLU | Hydrolysis of o-nitrophenyl-β-D-galactopyranoside (ONPG) |
| Lipase – Pancreatin | USP | Hydrolysis of fatty acids and titration as USP |
| Lipase – Microbial | FCC, FIP | Hydrolysis of model fatty acids and titration as FIP |
| Lysozyme | FCC | Mycoccus as substrate |
| Lipoxygenase-LOX | IND | Oxidative coupling of (MBTH) with (DMAB) |
| Malt Diastase (Diastatic Power) | IND | The release of reducing sugars by iodometric titration |
| Milk Clotting Assay | MCU | Rennin, Casein Hydrolysis |
| Nattokinase | Fibrinolytic method | Fibrinolytic activity in fibrin |
| Nitrogenases | IND | Acetylene Reduction |
| Pancreatin (Amylase, Protease and Lipase) | USP | Casein hydrolysis |
| Papain | USP, FCC | Casein hydrolysis |
| Pepsin | USP, FCC | Hemoglobin as substrate |
| Pectinase | AJDU or VPLA | Using apple juice, pectin as substrate |
| Pectinase (Endo-PG) PGU | IND | Hydrolysis of citrus pectin |
| Peptidase (DPPIV) | IND | Hydrolysis of Gly-Pro p-Nitroanilide |
| Peroxidase – POD | AACC | Oxidation of Pyrogallol |
| Phytase Activity (FTU) | FCC | Hydrolysis of sodium phytate decahydrate |
| Polyphenol oxidase PPO | AACC Method | Tyrosine Oxidation |
| Protease – Pancreatin | USP | Hydrolysis of Casein as USP |
| Proteolytic Activity – Plants | FCC | Hydrolysis of Casein as PU |
| Proteolytic – Bacterial | FCC | Hydrolysis of Casein as PC |
| Proteolytic – Fungus | FCC | Hydrolysis of hemoglobin as HUT or of Casein as SAP |
| Serratiopeptidase Activity – U | JP | Hydrolysis of Casein |
| Superoxide Dismutase (MFU) | McCord | The reaction catalyzed by Xanthine Oxidase |
| Trypsin | FCC, USP | Hydrolysis of N-benzoyl-L-arginin ethyl ester |
| Trypsin Inhibitor Assay | AAAC | The reaction catalyzed by Xanthine Oxidase |
| Xylanase | Megazyme | Megazyme xylanase tablet |
Conclusion
The enzyme activity assay is paramount to guarantee the effectiveness and quality of enzymes required in manufacturing, pharmaceuticals, food, and other industrial uses. Accurate enzyme assays enable businesses to establish enzyme activities, optimize formulations, and improve product quality with confidence.
Chromak Research offers an unparalleled approach to enzyme testing through advanced laboratory techniques, unmatched expertise, and enzyme testing. We reliably serve clients needing enzyme assay analysis, whether it is a simple food ingredient or for a complicated industrial procedure.
With Chromak Research, you can be sure that your products will work optimally because our enzyme activity assay services are the most precise and dependable in the market.